The Sumerian Civilization: The Tube Tower Temple and Their Urban Achievements

 The Sumerian civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in human history, flourishing in the lower region of Mesopotamia, in present-day southern Iraq, during the 4th to 2nd centuries BCE. The Sumerian civilization is renowned for its numerous contributions in various fields such as architecture, literature, science, and the arts.

One of the prominent temples in the Sumerian civilization is the "Ziggurat of Ur," a significant temple complex associated with Sumerian myths and beliefs. The Ziggurat of Ur is believed to have served as a focal point of communication between humans and deities, used in religious rituals and sacrifices. It is also one of the oldest known architectural structures in history.

The Ziggurat of Ur was constructed using fired bricks and consists of a series of interconnected stepped platforms, gradually increasing in height as one ascends. Its original height is estimated to have been around 90 meters, although it has suffered damage and deterioration over the ages and stands at a reduced height today.


 

The architectural engineering of the Ziggurat of Ur is characterized by its complexity and precision. Inside, there are a series of rooms and corridors believed to have been used for ritual purposes and storage. The ziggurat is adorned with engravings depicting scenes from daily life and Sumerian myths.

In addition to the Ziggurat of Ur, the Sumerians built many other temples and monumental structures. They made significant contributions to architectural advancements, inventing an advanced system of construction using fired and mud bricks. They also developed an irrigation system based on a network of canals and channels.

The urban achievements of the Sumerian civilization were remarkable, with well-organized cities featuring planned streets, houses, and public squares. These cities extended beyond their physical boundaries, transforming into sophisticated urban centers teeming with commercial, cultural, and social activities.

The Sumerian civilization's accomplishments have had a profound impact on human history. They played a crucial role in the development of writing, laws, arts, and literature. They left behind a rich cultural heritage that reflects their progress and innovation in ancient times.

Studying the history of the Sumerian civilization opens the doors for us to explore the evolution of human civilizations and understand our cultural origins. The significance of the Sumerian civilization's legacy in shaping Iraqi and global history cannot be overstated.

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